Basics of HTML, CSS & JS

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Html Text

HTML elements are used to describe the structure of the page (e.g. headings, subheadings, paragraphs).
They also provide semantic information (e.g. where emphasis should be placed, the definition of any acronyms used, when given text is a quotation).

how to add markup to the text that appears on your pages :

Structural markup: the elements that you can use to describe both headings and paragraphs
Semantic markup: which provides extra information; such as where emphasis is placed in a sentence, that something you have written is a quotation (and who said it), the meaning of acronyms, and so on .

## Headings

## paragraphs To create a paragraph, surround the words that make up the paragraph with an opening tag and closing tag.

Bold & Italic

: By enclosing words in the tags  and  we can make characters appear bold.The  element also represents a section of text that would be presented in a visually different way (for example key words in a paragraph) although the use of the element does not imply any additional meaning
: By enclosing words in the tags  and  we can make characters appear italic.The  element also represents a section of text that would be said in a different way from surrounding content — such as technical terms, names of ships, foreign words, thoughts, or other terms that would usually be italicized

Superscript & SubscripT

:

The  element is used to contain characters that should be superscript such as the suffixes of dates or mathematical concepts like raising a number to a power such as 2^2.

:

The  element is used to contain characters that should be subscript. It is commonly used with foot notes or chemical formulas such as H2O .

White Space

Line Breaks & Horizontal Rules

As you have already seen, the browser will automatically show each new paragraph or heading on a new line. But if you wanted to add a line break inside the middle of a paragraph you can use the line break tag  .
< hr /> To create a break between themes — such as a change of topic in a book or a new scene in a play — you can add a horizontal rule between sections using the < hr / > tag.

OTHERS TEXT TAGS

Changes to CONTENT < ins> , < del> , < s>
Author Details < address>
Citations & Definitions < cite> , < dfn>
Abbreviations & Acronyms < abbr>
Quotations < blockquote> , < q>
Strong & Emphasis

Introducing CSS

CSS Associates Style rules with HTML elements

CSS treats each HTML element as if it appears inside its own box and uses rules to indicate how that element should look.
Rules are made up of selectors (that specify the elements the rule applies to) and declarations (that indicate what these elements should look like).
Different types of selectors allow you to target your rules at different elements.
Declarations are made up of two parts: the properties of the element that you want to change, and the values of those properties. For example, the font-family property sets the choice of font, and the value arial specifies Arial as the preferred typeface.
CSS rules usually appear in a separate document, although they may appear within an HTML page

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Basic javascript instructures

java

A script is made up of a series of statements. Each statement is like a step in a recipe.
Scripts contain very precise instructions. For example, you might specify that a value must be remembered before creating a calculation using that value.
Variables are used to temporarily store pieces of information used in the script.
Arrays are special types of variables that store more than one piece of related information.
JavaScript distinguishes between numbers (0-9),strings (text), and Boolean values (true or false).
Expressions evaluate into a single value.
Expressions rely on operators to calculate a value

Decisions and loops

Conditional statements allow your code to make decisions about what to do next.
Comparison operators (===, ! ==, ==, ! =, <, >, <=, =>) are used to compare two operands.
Logical operators allow you to combine more than one set of comparison operators.
if … else statements allow you to run one set of code if a condition is true, and another if it is false.
switch statements allow you to compare a value against possible outcomes (and also provides a default option if none match).